Rhymes and poems were often used to help the memory in the old education system. Common singing offered pedagogical opportunities as well. In this study I want to present special group of poems and songs: rhymed literary creations before 1700 from the Hungarian Kingdom in Slovak or Czech, which were created with educational purpose. Most of them were used during religious education, catechesis or aimed at moral education. A smaller part of them gave secular knowledge about everyday life, health, etc. All of them served for the education of adults out of school.