This article aims to briefly outline the problems of development of the education and science in the past on the basis of the history of the education system in Kežmarok mainly of the Kežmarok’s Lyceum ant its library. It presents some pedagogical works (books on education, description of education and teaching of some subjects) preserved in the library. It also focuses on two works of teachers published for the use by students – Greek textbook and a Latin conversation guide for Hungarian-speaking students.